![]() Some psychometric researchers focus on the construction and validation of assessment instruments including surveys, scales, and open- or close-ended questionnaires. ![]() In addition to traditional, academic institutions, practitioners also work for organizations such as the Educational Testing Service and Psychological Corporation. Psychometricians usually possess specific qualifications such as degrees or certifications, and most are psychologists with advanced graduate training in psychometrics and measurement theory. Practitioners are described as psychometricians, although not all who engage in psychometric research go by this title. ![]() The levels of individuals on nonobservable latent variables are inferred through mathematical modeling based on what is observed from individuals' responses to items on tests and scales. Examples of latent constructs include intelligence, introversion, mental disorders, and educational achievement. Psychometrics is concerned with the objective measurement of latent constructs that cannot be directly observed. Psychometrics generally refers to specialized fields within psychology and education devoted to testing, measurement, assessment, and related activities. Psychometrics is a field of study within psychology concerned with the theory and technique of measurement.
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